ENERGY SOURCE

                                ENERGY SOURCE

 MAIN ENERGY SOURCES

1. COAL

2. OIL

3. NATURAL GAS

4. NUCLEAR POWER

5. HYDRO-POWER. AND THERE ARE MANY MORE ENERGY RESOURCES ARE PRESENT i.e BIOMASS. SOLAR ENERGY, GEOTHERMAL POWER, TIDAL AND etc.

ENERGY SCENARIO

1. COAL

IT USE TO DOMINATE THE ENERGY MIX BY CONTRIBUTE TO 55% OF THE PRIMARY ENERGY PRODUCTION AND 53% OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION.

# INDIA IS THE FOURTH LARGEST, PRODUCER

#70% TOTAL DOMESTIC ELECTRICITY AND 50% COMMERCIAL ENERGY DEMAND IS MET.

#8.6% OF WORLD RESERVES ABOUT 84395 MILLION TONNE AND LAST FOR NEXT 235 YEARS

#DOMINANT FUEL WHEN ENERGY DEMAND INCREASES IN FUTURE.

2. OIL

# ACCOUNTS FOR 36% OF TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND 34% TOTAL ENERGY PRODUCTION

# INDIA IS ONE AMONG TOP TEN CONSUMER IN THE WORLD 

# 70% OF DEMAND IS MET BY IMPORTS i.e 1.2 MILLION BARREL PER DAY

# CONSUMPTION OF PETROL IN TRANSPORT SECTOR IS 53%, IN DOMESTIC 18% AND IN INDUSTRIES 17%

# 20-17% DECLINE IN SHARE IN PRIMARY ENERGY PRODUCTION.

3. NATURAL GAS

# ACCOUNT FOR 8% OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND 9% OF ENERGY PRODUCTION

# THE TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY OF GAS-BASED POWER PLANTS IN INDIA IS 17,353.85 MW ABOUT 10% OF TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY.

# 10 TO 13% INCREASE IN SHARE OF NATURAL GAS IN PRIMARY ENERGY PRODUCTION

4. ELECTRICAL ENERGY

#OUT OF TOTAL PRODUCTION

65.8% COMES FROM THERMAL POWER PLANT

26.3% FROM HYDRO ELECTRICITY

3.1% FROM NUCLEAR POWER AND REST RENEWABLE SOURCES

# GROSS GENERATION OF ENERGY IS 531 BILLION UNITS. OVERALL ELECTRIFICATION RATE IS 64.5%

# POWER GENERATION ASSETS ARE NOT EVENLY SPREAD.

# ELECTRICITY DEMAND OUTSTRIPPED SUPPLY BY 7-11%. PLANS 8-10% GROWTH i.e 215,804 MW CAPACITY.

5. NUCLEAR POWER

# NINETEEN NUCLEAR POWER REACTORS AND SIX NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS PRODUCE 4,560 MW (2.9% OF TOTAL INSTALLED BASE)

# TO ARCHIVE 20000 MW GENERATION CAPACITY

RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES ARE THE LARGEST SOURCE OF THE ENERGY THAT USED TO FULFILL THE NEEDS OF THE USAGE. WORLD PRIMARY DEMAND INCREASE BY 1.6% PER YEAR ON AN AVERAGE. OIL IS THE MOST IMPORTANT AND ABUNDANT SOURCE OF ENERGY IN THE WORLD. IT IS ALSO THE MOST HIGHLY CONSUMED.

COAL IS THE SECOND MOST ABUNDANT SOURCE OF ENERGY IN THE WORLD AND IS HIGHLY USED IN POWER GENERATION. COAL RANKS QUITE LOW IN TERMS OF CONSUMPTION. ITS DEMAND INCREASES IN CERTAIN REGIONS. NATURAL GAS HAS BEEN THE ENERGY SOURCE WITH HIGHEST RATES OF GROWTH IN RECENT YEARS. CONSUMPTION OF GAS HAS INCREASES FROM 14.4% TO 15%.

ENERGY CONSUMPTION IS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IS ONLY ONE-TENTH OF THAT IN THE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES.

STRATEGIES FOR ELECTRIC POWER

# OBJECTIVE

1. SUFFICIENT POWER TO ACHIEVE GDP GROWTH RATE 8%

2. RELIABLE POWER

3. QUALITY POWER COST

# STRATEGIES

1. POWER GENERATION STRATEGY WITH FOCUS ON LOW-COST GENERATION, CONTROLLING THE INPUT COST, TECHNOLOGY UP GRADATION, AND UTILIZATION OF NON-CONVENTIONAL SOURCES

2. TRANSMISSION STRATEGY WITH FOCUS O DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL GRID INCLUDING INTERSTATE CONNECTIONS, TECHNOLOGY UP GRADATION, AND OPTIMIZATION OF TRANSMISSION COST.

3. DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE DISTRIBUTION REFORMS WITH FOCUS ON SYSTEM UP GRADATION, LOSS REDUCTION, THEFT CONTROL, QUALITY POWER SUPPLY, DECENTRALIZED DISTRIBUTED GENERATION, AND SUPPLY FOR RURAL AREAS.

4. REGULATION STRATEGY AIMED AT PROTECTING CONSUMER INTERESTS AND MAKING THE SECTOR COMMERCIALLY VARIABLE.

5. CONSERVATION STRATEGY TO OPTIMIZE THE UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICITY WITH FOCUS ON DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT, LOAD MANAGEMENT, AND TECHNOLOGY UP GRADATION TO PROVIDE ENERGY EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT/ GADGETS