MOBILE TELEPHONE

MOBILE TELEPHONE

AS WE LOOK AROUND, IN MARKETS, ON TRAINS AND BUSES, PEOPLE CROSSING STREETS, WE CAN SEE MANY INDIVIDUALS TALKING ON CELL PHONES OR MOBILE PHONES. MOBILE PHONES HAVE CHANGED THE WAY WE LIVE LIVE AND COMMUNICATE. WITH ADVANCEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY, LOOK AND UTILITY OF MOBILE PHONE HAS ALSO UNDERGONE CHANGE. IN LATEST MOBILE PHONES, ALONG WITH MARKING AND RECEIVING PHONE CELLS ONE ALSO:-

1. STORE CONTACT INFORMATION

2. MAKE TASK OR-TO-DO LISTS

3. KEEP TRACK OF APPOINTMENTS AND SET REMINDERS

4. USE THE BUILT-IN CALCULATOR FOR SIMPLE MATH

5. SEND OR RECEIVE E-MAIL

6. PLAY GAMES

IN ORDINARY LANDLINE PHONES, PHONE INSTRUMENTS ARE CONNECTED TO A TELEPHONE EXCHANGE THROUGH ELECTRIC WIRES, WHICH IN TURN CONNECT OUR PHONE CALLS TO THE OTHER PHONES. HOWEVER, WIRE CONNECTIONS LIMIT THE MOBILITY OF A LANDLINE PHONE. MOBILE PHONE TECHNOLOGY HAS SUCCESSFULLY OVERCOME THIS LIMITATION.

A MOBILE PHONE IS A LOW-POWER OPERATED DEVICE (TRANSMITTER) THAT CAN WIRELESSLY SEND AND RECEIVE RADIO FREQUENCY SIGNALS. BEFORE THIS. ALKIE-TALKIE WAS ALSO A WIRELESS SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATION. YOU MUST HAVE SEEN A POLICEMAN TALKING ON HIS WIRELESS SET. AFTER COMPLETING ONE SENTENCE, HE SAYS "OVER" AND THEN LISTENS. THIS WAS BECAUSE THE SAME RADIO FREQUENCY IS USED FOR BOTH SENDING AND RECEIVING THE AUDIO SIGNAL. HOWEVER, IN A MOBILE PHONE, THE OUTGOING AND INCOMING SIGNALS USE DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES, SO THE TWO INDIVIDUALS CAN TALK AND LISTEN AT THE SAME TIME.

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF MOBILE PHONE

ON A MOBILE PHONE, IT IS POSSIBLE TO TALK WHILE MOVING. THIS BECOMES POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF A CELLULAR RADIO NETWORK TECHNOLOGY. ( A REPLACEMENT OF TELEPHONE EXCHANGE SYSTEM)

UNDER A CELLULAR RADIO NETWORK A GIVEN PHYSICAL AREA IS DIVIDED INTO SMALLER PARTS CALL CELLS (OR CELL ZONES).

ALL NETWORK-RELATED WORKS INCLUDING HANDLING OF ALL THE INCOMING AND OUTGOING CALLS ARE MANAGED BY A CENTRAL CONTROL ROOM MOBILE TELEPHONE SWITCHING OFFICE(MTSO). MTSO IS BASICALLY A TELEPHONE EXCHANGE FOR MOBILE PHONE CALLS.

EVERY CELL ANTENNA HAS A WORKING RANGE OF A MINIMUM OF 1.5 TO 2 KM AND A MAXIMUM OF UP TO 48 TO 576 OR MORE KM AREA AROUND IT. WHEN A PHONE IS SWITCHED ON, MTSO RECORDS ITS LOCATION BY IDENTIFY THE CELL IN WHICH IT IS PRESENT. WHEN A MOBILE PHONE USER MOVES FROM ONE CELL ZONE TO ANOTHER CELL ZONE, MTSO OF ITS OWN SWITCHES MOBILE PHONE LINKS TO A NEW CELL ANTENNA. THIS WAY, THE USER GETS AN UNINTERRUPTED LINK TO TALK WHILE ON THE MOVE. ALSO, MOBILE PHONES USE HIGH-FREQUENCY RADIO WAVES FOR CONVERSATION. AUDIO SIGNALS OF THESE WAVES ARE BETTER. AS MOBILE PHONES WORK ON CELL DIVISION OF PHYSICAL AREAS THEY ARE ALSO REFERRED TO AS CELL PHONES.

MOBILE NETWORK GENRATION ( 1G, 2G,3G AND 4G)

WITH THE INCREASING USE OF MOBILE PHONES AND THE ADVANCEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY, IT IS PERTINENT TO MAKE THE MOBILE PHONE NETWORKS MORE EFFICIENT. THE EFFICIENCY OF MOBILE NETWORKS IS MENTIONED BYWORD 'GENERATION AND ABBREVIATION 'G'. 1G WAS THE FIRST GENERATION OF MOBILE NETWORKS, WHICH WERE BASED ON ANALOGUE RADIO SIGNALS. 2G WERE NARROWBAND DIGITAL SIGNAL-BASED NETWORKS WITH GOOD QUALITY OF CALLS. THEY PROVIDED WORLD OVER CONNECTIVITY. 3G NETWORKS INCREASED THE DATA TRANSFER SPEED FOR EFFICIENT USE OF THE INTERNET ON MOBILE PHONES. 4G NETWORKS ARE GOING TO PROVIDE A HIGH-SPEED INTERNET FACILITY ON MOBILE PHONES FOR SURFING THE NET, CHATTING, VIEWING TELEVISION LISTENING TO MUSIC ETC

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